Health Insights
September 17, 2026

The Perimenopause Nobody Prepared You For

Understand how perimenopause can affect muscle mass, body composition, bone density, and cardiovascular fitness, and how DEXA and VO₂ max testing can help track these changes.

You’re still doing everything you used to do. Same workouts. Same way of eating. Maybe more discipline than before.

And somehow, the results have quietly stopped matching the effort.

The weight sits differently now. Strength that used to bounce back after a few weeks off doesn’t return the same way. Sleep is lighter, shorter—or both. There’s a fog some mornings that coffee doesn’t touch.

You mention it at your next checkup. You’re told it’s normal for your age.

It is not in your head.

What’s Actually Changing

Perimenopause is not a single event. It’s a hormonal transition that unfolds over years, reshaping several of the systems that influence long-term health:

  • Body composition
  • Cardiovascular fitness
  • Muscle mass
  • Bone density
  • Metabolic health

Estrogen decline during this transition is associated with an increase in visceral fat, even when scale weight changes very little.

Muscle mass, which already begins declining gradually in adulthood, may become harder to maintain. Bone loss often accelerates around the final menstrual period and continues into the early postmenopausal years.

Cardiorespiratory fitness also tends to decline during this stage of life. Some research suggests that the hormonal transition itself may contribute to this change, beyond the effects of aging alone, although the magnitude of that independent effect is still being studied.

Most of these changes are not directly measured during a standard checkup.

Weight and blood pressure do not reveal a shift from lean mass to fat mass. They do not quantify visceral fat, bone density, muscle loss or aerobic capacity.

What This Actually Means

When was the last time you measured:

  • Your muscle mass—not simply your weight?
  • Your visceral fat—not simply your BMI?
  • Your bone density—before a fracture forced the question?
  • Your VO₂ max—one of the strongest measurable indicators of cardiorespiratory fitness and long-term health?

These are not merely cosmetic numbers.

They help describe how your body is aging.

Why Measurement Matters Here

DEXA Body-Composition Scanning

DEXA measures lean mass, fat mass and bone mineral density rather than estimating body composition from scale weight alone.

Because it distinguishes among fat, lean tissue and bone, a DEXA scan can identify changes that frequently occur through the menopausal transition—including increasing visceral fat, declining lean mass and changes in bone density—even when total body weight has barely moved.

VO₂ Max Testing

VO₂ max testing measures your body’s maximal capacity to take in, transport and use oxygen during exercise.

Tracked over time, it can show how your cardiorespiratory fitness is changing through this transition using objective data rather than relying exclusively on how a particular workout happened to feel.

Neither test replaces the fundamentals.

Resistance training, adequate protein intake and cardiovascular exercise remain central to preserving health through midlife, regardless of whether you ever undergo testing.

What measurement adds is a meaningful baseline instead of a guess.

Not simply a vague sense that something is off, but an objective result that can be followed against your own history.

Built Around Your Numbers, Not Assumptions

Once you know where you actually stand, the plan can become more specific:

  • Strength training informed by your muscle mass and bone density
  • Cardiovascular training built around your measured fitness and physiological thresholds
  • Nutrition tailored to your current body composition, activity demands and metabolic health

Not fragmented advice.

Not a guess dressed up as a plan.

An approach built around your own data.

You Are Not Imagining This

If the past year has felt as though your body quietly changed the rules without telling you, you are not wrong—and you are not alone.

This transition is real. Many of its effects are measurable. And there is an evidence-informed path forward that begins with understanding where you actually stand.

Schedule an Assessment | Not sure where to begin? Contact us to discuss your options.

About the Author
About the Authors
Dr. Demetrios Sirounis, MD, FRCP

Dr. Demetrios Sirounis is a Clinical Professor in the Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics at the University of British Columbia. He is a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada and the American Society of Echocardiography and is a dually trained sub-specialist in Cardiac Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine. Dr. Sirounis is also an Associate Investigator at the S.H. Leong Center for Healthy Aging at the University of British Columbia.

Dr. Sirounis is a lecturer, researcher, supervisor, and Division Head of Critical Care Medicine in Vancouver. He has also served as a Duty Medical Administrator during the 2010 Olympic Winter Games Vancouver. Demetrios is a retired professional triathlete and passionate about athletics.

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